Rice production is geographically concentrated in Western and Eastern Asia. Asia is the biggest rice producer, accounting for 90% of the world's production and consumption of rice. China and India, which account for more than one-third of global population supply over half of the world's rice. Brazil is the most important non-Asian producer, followed by the United States. Italy ranks first in Europe.
1999/2000
2000/01
2001/02
2002/03
2009/2010
138,936
131,536
124,320
123,200
Mt: 166,417
89,700
84,871
91,600
80,000
132,013
33,445
32,548
32,422
32,500
52,078
23,066
25,086
25,500
26,000
38,060
20,926
20,473
20,670
20,500
34,518
16,500
16,901
16,500
16,500
27,000
9,860
10,771
10,440
10,440
24,640
7,772
8,135
8,450
8,300
14,031
8,350
8,636
8,242
8,200
9,740
7,768
7,062
7,480
7,600
10,198
6,502
5,941
6,764
6,457
5,263
5,291
5,515
5,300
3,787
3,965
3,575
3,800
5,156
4,700
3,740
3,500
1,751
1,567
1,620
1,792
1,349
1,342
1,245
1,197
787
1,259
930
965
28,282
27,270
27,575
28,156
409,200
397,354
396,588
384,407
Commodity Rice Production (in '000 metric tonnes) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Country | China | India | Indonesia | Bangladesh | Vietnam | Thailand | Burma | Philippines | Japan | Brazil | United States | Korea, South | Egypt | Pakistan | EU | Taiwan | Australia | Others | WORLD TOTAL |
The world's major rice-producing countries - including the two most populous nations, China and India - have emphasized the importance of continuing to develop new rice varieties to guarantee Asia's food security and support the region's economic development.
Today, rice is grown and harvested on every continent except Antarctica, where conditions make its growth impossible.The majority of all rice produced comes from India, China, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Burma, and Bangladesh. Asian farmers still account for 92-percent of the world's total rice production. More than 550 million tons of rice is produced annually around the globe. In the United States, farmers have been successfully harvesting rice for more than 300 years. There are thousands of strains of rice today, including those grown in the wild and those which are cultivated as a crop.
Rice commodity production in 2010, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the U.N., 80% of the world rice production comes from 7 countries. However, if we talk about world rice production 2009-2010, the figures below show the worldwide rice production by countries- in fact, the top ten countries of world counted for their rice production.
There has been a major decline in world rice production since late 2007 due to many reasons including climatic conditions in many top rice producing countries as well as policy decisions regarding rice export by the governments of countries with considerable rice production.
Global commodity rice prices started increasing in November 2009 after months of steadily declining since reaching an all time high in May 2008. Problems related to rice supply in two major rice producing countries- India and the Philippines- have been the primary reason for low world production of rice and the reversal of price trend.
Market rice commodity in September-October 2009, the Philippines got hit by two major typhoons causing damage to rice crops on ground. Approximately one million tons of rice in storage also got damaged. India too saw the worst drought since 1972 that reduced its 2009 Kharif (wet-season) crop by at least 15 million tons from a total of 85 million tons in the previous kharif season. There were also major floods in southern states of India Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Andhra Pradesh, one of the major rice production state of India was affected first by drought and then by flood. Thus, rice cultivation in India saw a real setback in 2009. As a result of low rice production in the two major rice producing countries of world, the Philippines and India were in the market to purchase rice than to sell rice.
Therefore, the rice market should be more stable now than in 2007.
Commodity rice production in 2010, as of January 2010, planting of paddy crops was already well advanced in southern hemisphere countries. In South America, however, the season opened negatively due to drought or excessive rainfall that have delayed sowing of the main crops. It is also feared that drought related to El Nino may decrease rice production in Indonesia. Australia is expected to show an increase in rice production though its output would remain below the highs of the early-2000s. The rice production outlook is uncertain in southern African countries in view of the January and March cyclone period there.
World trade commodity rice in 2010 is predicted to recover slightly to 30.5 million tonnes. This increase is supported by a strong import demand from Asian countries, especially the Philippines. Purchases by Brazil and the United States might also rise, while deliveries to African countries could diminish. The 2010 trade recovery would be sustained by increased rice exports by Thailand which and also by China, Myanmar and Viet Nam, compensating for reduced shipments from Cambodia, the United States and Uruguay. Indian stocks, however, would not be available to the international market but will provide relief to the Indian domestic rice market as the country doesn't need to turn to import in the near future.
As a result of the improved 2009 production estimates, the FAO forecast of world rice stocks at the close of the marketing years ending in 2010 has been raised by 6 million tonnes to 123 million tonnes, representing a 1% drop from opening levels. Much of the contraction is expected to be in the five major exporting countries, which, as a group, are predicted to close the year with a 24% draw down to 24.5 million tonnes. Conversely, rice importing countries like Indonesia and the Republic of Korea, are expected to build their inventories. Relative to world consumption, global rice reserves appear ample and sufficient to cover roughly 27 percent of utilization in 2010.
At least 114 countries grow rice and more than 50 have an annual production of 100,000 tons or more. Asian farmers produce about 90% of the total, with two countries, China and India, growing more than half the total crop. For most rice-producing countries where annual production exceeds 1 million ton, rice is the staple food. In Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, rice provides 50-80% of the total calories consumed. Notable exceptions are Egypt, Nigeria, and Pakistan, where rice contributes only 5-10% of per capita daily caloric intake.
Word rice commodity production country in the world,
? China
? India
? Indonesia
? Bangladesh
? Vietnam
? Thailand
? Myanmar
? Japan
? Philippines
? Brazil
? Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia
? Bhutan, Bolivia, Burkina Faso
? Cambodia, Cameroon, Chad, Colombia, Cuba
? Dominican Republic
? Ecuador, Egypt
? France
? Gambia, Republic of Ghana, Greece
? Iran, Italy
? Korea DPR, Republic of Korea
? Lao PDR, Liberia
? Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Mozambique
? Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria
? Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal
? Russian Federation
? Senegal, Spain, Sri Lanka
? Tanzania, Turkey
? United states, Uruguay
? Venezuela
Current global rice stocks are much higher than in 2007. In the last two years, rice stocks have increased by more than 16 million tons- from 75 million tons in 2006 91.5 million tons in 2009. Most of these increase in world rice stocks is accounted to China, India, Indonesia and Thailand.
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